Removal of Metal Ions via Adsorption Using Carbon Magnetic Nanocomposites: Optimization through Response Surface Methodology, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies

The toxicity of metal ions on ecosystems has led to increasing amounts research their removal from wastewater. This paper presents the efficient application a carbon magnetic nanocomposite as an adsorbent for elimination (copper, lead and zinc) aqueous solutions. A Box–Behnken factorial design combined with response surface methodology was conducted investigate effect interactions three variables pollutant process. Highly significant (p < 0.001) polynomial models were developed each ion: correlation coefficient 0.99 Cu(II) Pb(II), 0.96 Zn(II) ion removal. experimental data in agreement close theoretical results, which supports applicability method. Working at natural pH solutions, quantity 1 g/L ions’ concentration 10 mg/L, 240 min, efficiencies greater than 75% obtained. kinetic study indicated that combination pseudo-second order intraparticle diffusion applied appropriately copper, zinc adsorption nanocomposite. maximum capacities determined Langmuir isotherm model 81.36, 83.54 57.11 mg/g ions. average efficiency five adsorption–desorption cycles 82.21% Cu(II), 84.50% Pb(II) 72.68% Zn(II). high ions, short time, well easy separation solution, support wastewater treatment.